Your disability can make both work and everyday life much more difficult. While there are public benefits to help financially support people with disabilities, understanding what benefits you need is essential.
Two programs from the Social Security Administration: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) are in place to support Americans with serious disabilities, low income and other issues. Understanding the differences between these two programs can help you make informed decisions about which one best suit your needs.
What is SSDI?
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) is a federal program that offers financial assistance to people with physical or mental disabilities that make working difficult. To qualify for SSDI, you must have a work history that includes paying into the Social Security system through payroll taxes. Here is typically what you need to qualify for SSDI:
- Work credits: Typically, you need 40 work credits to qualify. You must also have earned 20 of those credits within the last ten years. The number of credits you need can depend on your age.
- Medical condition: Your disability must meet Social Security’s disability requirements, which means your condition is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death.
There’s a mandatory five-month waiting period before SSDI benefits begin, starting from the date the SSA determines your disability began. Once approved, SSDI can provide you with monthly financial support. After two years of receiving benefits, you become eligible for Medicare.
What is SSI?
SSI is a separate program that offers financial assistance to people who are older, disabled or legally blind who are considered low-income. Unlike SSDI, SSI is not based on work history. To qualify for SSI, you must provide evidence of your:
- Low income/resources: To qualify for SSI, the money you make and the assets you have must fall below specific limits set by Social Security. Income includes wages, Social Security benefits, and pensions. Resources can include money you have in the bank or personal property, such as your home.
- Living arrangements: Your living situation can affect the amount of SSI coverage you receive. For instance, living in someone else’s household and not paying for food or shelter could reduce your benefits.
- State supplements: Some states, including Illinois, provide additional payments to SSI recipients, which can increase your overall benefit amount.
SSI can help you meet basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter, providing essential support for those who qualify.
Knowing what you need is half the battle
Understanding the differences between SSDI and SSI is crucial in determining how to pursue the benefits you need. If the process feels overwhelming, you are not alone. There is professional help and guidance available.
